Pain and loosening of the implant have been reported.Īllergic contact dermatitis due to cobalt is diagnosed on patch testing with 1% cobalt chloride hexahydrate. Orthopaedic and other implanted metal devices can sometimes result in intractable generalised dermatitis in cobalt-allergic patients.Vitamin B12 injections (cyanocobalamin) can also cause local injection site reactions, hand dermatitis, and anaphylaxis. Patients with allergic contact dermatitis to cobalt taking oral vitamin B12 (cobalamin) supplements may develop chronic vesicular hand dermatitis, cheilitis, stomatitis, or systemic contact dermatitis.Secondary bacterial infection or autoeczematisation of the dermatitis.What are the complications of cobalt allergy? Dust containing cobalt may cause asthma in metal workers.Erythema multiforme has been rarely reported.Cobalt blue used in light blue tattoos can cause sarcoidal allergic reactions.Photosensitive dermatitis has been reported with cement and pig fodder.Cobalt allergy usually presents as a chronic or subacute allergic contact dermatitis at sites with direct contact but may become more extensive.What are the clinical features of cobalt allergy? Medical devices, eg orthopaedic implants, stents, pacemakers, medication pumps.Cosmetics – especially eye shadow, blushers, and compact powders.Metal household items (eg, cutlery, zippers, coins, keys,).What causes cobalt allergy?Ĭobalt is commonly used as a binding agent in the manufacture of ‘hard’ metals with increased wear resistance such as drills and cutting tools.
Cobalt ii chloride formula skin#
One study reported an increased prevalence of cobalt allergy in people with skin of colour.Ĭobalt allergy can coexist with other metal allergies such as nickel and chromate. It shows a female predominance (2:1) and is commonly associated with atopic dermatitis. Who gets cobalt allergy?Ĭobalt allergy affects about 2% of the general population and can develop at any age, including in children. The name comes from the German word ‘Kobold’ meaning goblin or elf.Ĭobalt was the American Contact Dermatitis Society’s 2016 Contact Allergen of the Year. It is also called cobalt dichloride hexahydrate, cobalt blue, cobaltous chloride hexahydrate, and cobalt hexahydrate. Cobalt is one of the most common metals to cause contact allergy via a delayed hypersensitivity reaction.
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